Pharmacology 120 julie cordts instructor pharmacology powerpoint lectures all lessons will open in a new browser window allowing easy access to this menu. Apr 01, 2016 basic and clinical pharmacology by katzung pdf is one the standard book of pharmacology. This reversibly inhibits the cox by preventing arachidonic acid from gaining access. Aspirin acetylates cox at ser530 and is, therefore, irreversible. You should therefore understand the mechanism of action, applications, and effects of aspirin, acetaminophen, and other nsaids. Use the pharmacology powerpoint presentations as a resource for your brochure project. Ppt general pharmacology powerpoint presentation free to. Sep 07, 2016 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs usually abbreviated to nsaids ns. Whether 5 years of daily lowdose aspirin therapy would extend disabilit. Aspirin is a wonder drug that treats pain, inflammation, fever, and helps to prevent blood clots. On average, paracetamol is a weaker analgesic drug when compared to nsaids or the selective cox2 inhibitors. Salicylate is the active metabolite responsible for most antiinflammatory and analgesic effects but acetylsalicylate is the active moiety for the. Barbiturates increase the analgesic effect of aspirin. A powerpoint presentation on nsaids suitable for reading by ug and.
Aspirin acetylsalicylic acid is the most prescribed antiplatelet drug for prevention of cardiovascular disorders. The form of aspirin used in tablet manufacture is likely therefore to be of significance from the viewpoint of in vivo dissolution and drug availability. Aspirin hc9h7o4 or c9h8o4 cid 2244 structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents. The drug has analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic. The benefits of antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of thrombotic events in cardiovascular diseases are evident. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs clinical pharmacy and. Obviously, the term nsaid does not fully describe the pharmacological actions of these drugs.
Clinical use of aspirin in treatment and prevention of. The pharmacodynamics of aspirin aspirin inhibits the action of an enzyme. The main metabolite is 2hydroxybenzoic acid salicylic acid. Pharmacology may be defined as the study of effect of a drug chemical on the body living system it includes, history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiological effects, pk and pd, therapeutic and other uses, precautions, adverse effects, interactions and contraindications of drugs. Aspirin, an acetylated salicylate acetylsalicylic acid, is classified among the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids. It is also used as an antiplatelet agent to prevent myocardial infarction, stroke and transient ischemic episodes. Antithrombotic drugs, which include antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies, prevent and treat many cardiovascular disorders and, as such, are some of the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide. Aspirin causes several different effects in the body, mainly the reduction of inflammation, analgesia relief of pain, the prevention of clotting, and the reduction of fever. Pharmacology produces analgesia antipyretic no significant antiinflammatory effects no gastric irritation no platelet function interference half life 2 3 h weak inhibitor of cox1, 2.
Basic and clinical pharmacology by katzung pdf is one the standard book of pharmacology. Jul 19, 2014 nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs nsaids 1. There are two major forms of cyclooxygenase cox in cells. Many are available over the counter without a prescription. General aspects aspirin acetylsalicylic acid is usually considered the original nsaid fig. Pharmacokinetics is what the body does to the drug, and pharmacodynamics is what the drug does to. The emphasis is on taking a low dose, because high doses of aspirin can be quite hard on the stomach and increase the risk of bleeding etc. These drugs are commonly referred to as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids to distinguish them from the glucocorticoids i. General pharmacology definition of pharmacology the study of drugs drugs an emtb can administer activated charcoal aspirin epipen oral glucose oxygen drugs and emt. Antiplatelet therapy has been documented to reduce risks of cardiovascular disease after acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, and in chronic atrial fibrillation patients, amongst other risk factors. Other drugs substitute aspirin only when it fails or in severe cases. General pharmacology 1 general pharmacology chapter 16 2 drugs are chemicals used to diagnose, treat, and prevent disease. Nsaids have following group of drugs analgesic antipyretic antiinflammatory 2 3.
Pharm pharmacology department of pharmacology amity university, noida 2. It is metabolised and the metabolites are excreted. In this article, i present an overview of the actions and effects of aspirin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience with actual or potential tissue damage. Pharmacology 6th edition pdf using our mediafire repository links. Aspirin should be used for cardiovascular conditions only under. An unexpected problem arose when it was found that samples of commercial aspirin have different intrinsic dissolution rates. Our expert pharmacology instructors walk you through several topics related to aspirin. It is sometimes used to treat or prevent heart attacks, strokes, and chest pain angina. Although athletic trainers cannot prescribe or dispense prescription medications, they should be as aware of their effects as they are of other methods of injury treatment. It works by reducing substances in the body that cause pain, fever, and inflammation. It is absorbed mainly in its unionised form in the stomach and upper small intestine. Since the mechanism of action of acetyl salicylic acid aspirin is based on platelets function, a complete knowledge of platelets physiology and pharmacology in hemostatic process is fundamental. Cardiovascular disease cvd, principally heart disease and stroke, is the leading cause of death for both males and females in developed countries.
These agents reduce the signs and symptoms of inflammation and exhibit a broad range of pharmacologic activities, including analgesic, antipyretic, and antiplatelet properties. Statistical studies have shown that secondary prevention by antiplatelet agents reduces the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs clinical pharmacy. An overview of clinical pharmacology of ibuprofen ncbi. Some of the brands for aspirin might be better known than aspirin itself. Aspirin is the most widely used and tested antiplatelet drug in cvd, and it is proven to be the cornerstone of antiplatelet therapy in treatment and prevention of cvd in clinical trials in various populations. An overview of the physiology and pharmacology of aspirin. The best thing about this book is that, this book is very to the point and has various tables that makes it easy to lean names and actions of drugs. It belongs to the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs with a wide. Aspirin is one of the most frequently used and cheapest drugs in medicine. Aspirin is an nsaid medicine but it does not increase the chance of a heart attack. The first drugs designed to inhibit platelets or coagulation factors, such as the antiplatelet clopidogrel and the anticoagulant warfarin, significantly reduced the risk of thrombotic events at the. Aspirin is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Pharmacology and clinical applications article pdf available january 2012 with 3,700 reads.
Aspirin is a medication used for pain, fever, and inflammation. An overview of the physiology and pharmacology of aspirin and. Choose from 204 different sets of aspirin pharmacology flashcards on quizlet. Low doses of aspirin selectively inhibit cyclooxygenase cox1, resulting in antiplatelet effects, whereas high doses of aspirin inhibit both cox1 and cox2 leading to antiinflammatory and analgesic. If the pharmacy thats willing to deliver medicines to your home doesnt have aspirin in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for aspirin. This template includes unique designs and results that you can use freely for your own presentation needs. Heparin powerpoint presentation cme at pharmacology corner. A low dose ibuprofen is as effective as aspirin and paracetamol for the indications. Besides having these medical uses, it has a variety of nonmedical uses. They are among the most commonly used medications in the world.
These study resources examine the pharmacology and uses of aspirin. Much of this is believed to be due to decreased production of prostaglandins and txa2. The main site of platelets cox acetylation in the lowdose range of aspirin is portal blood, before the firstpass effect 15. Abstract background information on the use of aspirin to increase healthy independent life span in older persons is limited. We have tested this download and found it clean and absolutely genuine. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs include ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, meloxicam, and celecoxib, along with many others. Conventional management of thrombosisbased disorders includes the use of heparin, oral anticoagulants, and the preferred antiplatelet agent aspirin. Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs nsaids slideshare. This book has th editions and is read, used and recommended by many teachers and doctors. Block channels by binding with hbonds to an arg half of the way in. Effect of aspirin on disabilityfree survival in the.
Aspirin is a type of nsaid that works slightly differently than others. Aspirin is absorbed in the stomach and small intestine, exerts its pharmacodynamic effect, for instance, the acetylation of a serine ser 529 residue of cox1 already in the portal blood, and is biotransformed to inactive salicylic acid by intestine, plasma, and liver esterases. Pharmacology in endodontics nonsteroidal anti inflammatory. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Peterson, from the department of pharmacology at dalhousie university, shares an integration between the pharmacology of inflammatory response, nsaids and other related drugs allopurinol, glucocorticoids, etc. Learn aspirin pharmacology with free interactive flashcards. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs pharmacology in. Introduction of pain and nociception nociception is the mechanism whereby noxious peripheral stimuli are transmitted to the central nervous system. Aspirin inhibits the cyclooxygenase and thus the prostaglandin synthesis. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf aspirin. Pharmacology in endodontics free download as powerpoint presentation. The pd of aspirin pertains its interaction with and blockade of the active site of cox1 andor 2, being aspirin a nonselective inhibitor of both cox1 and 2 isoforms. Ppt general pharmacology powerpoint presentation free. Questions for the third and fourth exams will be taken from the powerpoint presentations.
The low dose can be achieved by taking an aspirin tablet formulated for a child, often referred to as a baby aspirin or splitting a standard aspirin tablet in half. Aspirin acetyl salicylic acid is a widely used drug in modern society. The dissolution of aspirin and aspirin tablets mitchell. View pharmacology ppts online, safely and virusfree. Free medical powerpoint templates design collection includes high quality corporate templates, management technique presentations and many other business associated powerpoint templates. Aspirin displaces oral anticoagulants and oral hypoglycemics from their plasma protein binding sites, so increasing their activities and may lead to toxicity. Ppt discussing chemistry, mechanism of action, classification,pharmacokinetics and clinical uses of heparin. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Powerpoint presentations cme at pharmacology corner.
The drug has analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic effects. Aspirin can cause bleeding in the brain, stomach, and intestines. Through its effect on the thrombocytecyclooxygenase it inhibits the formation of a highly effective platelet thrombocyte aggregator and a vasoconstrictor thromboxane a2. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Aspirin is used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever. Aspirin is used to treat pain, and reduce fever or inflammation. Medication guide for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Aspirins ability to suppress the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes is due to its irreversible inactivation of the. Chapter 16 general pharmacology medication forms used by the emtbasic compressed powders or tablets e.